Russia’s Gamble with the Ukraine
The Russian President threatening the Ukraine, offers highly uncertain rewards yet a potentially lethal downside for him and his inner circle. Russia is getting ahead of itself apparently emboldened by the illegal and only modestly sanctioned seizure of Crimea. The blame, however, lies by no small measure with Western leaderships themselves having accommodated Russia only too often for various reasons and specific vested interests. Any divergences in the Western powers interests and policies have often been skillfully and ruthlessly exploited by the Russian leadership.
Calling Russia’s Bluff
The US, EU and NATO would be well advised to remain calm, ignore the Russian President’s red lines and ultimatums by simply calling his bluff. At the same time, however, it is important and wise that the West will engage in well-coordinated and constructive negotiations, foremost and mainly in the appropriate multilateral framework as for example has been successful within the OSCE.
Clearly, the Russian President’s two key motivations are to secure his personal power and restore Russia’s historical borders and spheres of influence along with its geopolitical relevance. No doubt, the Russian President craves for respect in a new world order, having lost many former territories, as well as economic weight and political influence against the dominating global superpowers US, EU and China.
A Shared Heritage doesn’t Make one Country
Russia’s central argument why Russia and the Ukraine should be one entity is a long shared history and people with a common identity. Needless to say, with these arguments there could be many national lines redrawn worldwide and that this is exactly what Europe has overcome after centuries of warfare, power politics, ever changing alliances with post WW II reconciliation and the creation of the EU.
Ukraine Incursion Backlash – Sanctions, Sanctions, Sanctions
In theory, the very moment Russia attacks the Ukraine, major casualties would be suffered on both sides. The concerted international and multifaceted counter-reaction in form of sanctions and isolation would be triggered on the spot.
Russia may be a super-power in military and conventional energy (oil/gas) terms. Yet for revenue reasons, Russia cannot play the energy card as economic and financial harm to itself would by far outweigh damage to the rest of Europe. Any restriction of its energy exports to Europe would further accelerate Europe’s diversification into alternative energy providers such as the Middle East and Africa and, simultaneously, spur the transition to non-traditional and renewable energies.
Putin’s threat to break with Western relations in the case of further sanctions is empty, entirely! Nothing would accelerate the political and security cohesion in Western and Eastern European populations, in the transatlantic alliance and within the EU and NATO more rapidly than Russia invading the Ukraine.
The US and the EU have a vast and lethal arsenal of direct and indirect sanctions at their disposal. These include seizing properties and blocking real and financial assets in Western jurisdictions, shutting out of international capital markets, cutting the international payment system SWIFT and Foreign Direct Investments (FDI), forbidding or restricting Western firms to operate in and trade with Russia, imposing travel restrictions on the Russian elite and making life for Russian nationals abroad difficult.
Russia’s Strategic Options and Capital Markets
Russia’s strategic options are to de-escalate, to attack or to muddle-through. Our base case is that Russia sticks to its known muddle-through habits and will not start a unilateral military aggression against any neighboring country. Old habits prevail. In such a scenario Russian financial assets are attractively valued and timely to invest in.
The obvious risk lies in an unexpected Russian attack on a neighboring country, such as the Ukraine, by deploying significant military action. Such a scenario would tank the Russian capital markets and economy inducing sharp losses, market discontinuity, defaults and sanctions. As a consequence, foreign multi-nationals and corporates in any relevant way exposed to Russia will suffer.
Yet even in the case of Russian military actions, global markets, including Europe, would merely respond with some spike in volatility while otherwise any weakness due to such conflict should be considered as a significant buying opportunity. Why? Russia in terms of size and interdependence with the world economy and global equity, debt and currencies markets is a marginal player.
Key Beneficiaries – Energy and Defence
Two sectors stand out as beneficiaries of any protracted and armed conflict. In the short-term, conventional energy sources will profit from temporary supply squeezes and in the medium to longer-term, alternative energy will benefit from dramatic investment and growth acceleration due to the need to diversify away from Russian energy providers. The global aerospace and defense sector also stands to profit as not only the potential military conflict in question will trigger higher spending but also the resulting shake-up will lead to higher defense spending by all international actors.
Article by Beat Wittmann, Chief Investment Strategist at Key Family Partners SA
